A surface code quantum computer architecture using donors in silicon

Phosphorus donor nuclear spins in silicon have long coherence times and a small spatial footprint, making them an attractive candidate for a large-scale quantum processor. We present an architecture that takes advantage of the uniformity of donors and the resolution of hydrogen desorbtion lithography to implement an error corrected array using the 2D surface code. The difficulties of independent qubit control and tuning/trimming are avoided and the complexity of all quantum operations is distilled to careful loading and unloading of electrons. We examine the effect of fabrication irregularities and show that the design is robust to realistic inhomogeneity across the array.

1. Hill et al. Science Advances Vol. 1, no. 9, e1500707